function PSOstandard_benchmarks_Test 
clear all; 
close all; 
c1=1.49445;c2=1.49445;% 
global dimension  Size 
dimension=40;Size=40;%种群维数 dimension、规模 Size 
Tmax=1000;%%最大迭代次数 Tmax 
%%选择不同测试函数的速度和位置限制范围%% 
F_n=1; 
switch F_n 
  case 1   %%  f1_Sphere                    %% 
           Vmax(1:dimension)= 30;  Vmin(1:dimension)=-30; 
           Xmax(1:dimension)= 30;  Xmin(1:dimension)=-30; 
  case 2   %%  f2_Quadric    [-100,100]     %%  
           Vmax(1:dimension)= 100;  Vmin(1:dimension)=-100; 
           Xmax(1:dimension)= 100;  Xmin(1:dimension)=-100; 
  case 3   %%  f3_Ackley     [-30,30]       %% 
           Vmax(1:dimension)= 30;  Vmin(1:dimension)=-30; 
           Xmax(1:dimension)= 30;  Xmin(1:dimension)=-30; 
  case 4   %%  f4_griewank   [-600,600]     %% 
           Vmax(1:dimension)= 600;  Vmin(1:dimension)=-600; 
           Xmax(1:dimension)= 600;  Xmin(1:dimension)=-600; 
  case 5   %%  f5_Rastrigin  [-5.12,5.12]   %% 
           Vmax(1:dimension)= 5.12;  Vmin(1:dimension)=-5.12; 
           Xmax(1:dimension)= 5.12;  Xmin(1:dimension)=-5.12; 
  case 6   %%  f6_Rosenbrock [-2.408,2.408] %% 
           Vmax(1:dimension)= 2.408;  Vmin(1:dimension)=-2.408; 
           Xmax(1:dimension)= 2.408;  Xmin(1:dimension)=-2.408; 
  case 7   %%  f7_Schaffer's f6 %% 
           Vmax(1:dimension)= 2.408;  Vmin(1:dimension)=-2.408; 
           Xmax(1:dimension)= 2.408;  Xmin(1:dimension)=-2.408;   
 end 
%%三维显示粒子群运动变化%% 
global Swarmscope;  
       Swarmscope = plot(0,0, '.'); 
       axis([Xmin(1) Xmax(1) Xmin(2) Xmax(2) Xmin(3) Xmax(3)]);   %初始轴的范围的设置 
    %  axis square; 
       grid on; 
       set(Swarmscope,'EraseMode','xor','MarkerSize',12); %设置用来显示粒子. 
%%initial Position Velocity%% 
Position=zeros(dimension,Size);%以后位置Position统一为此种记法：行 dimension；列 Size； 
Velocity=zeros(dimension,Size);%每个粒子的位置、速度对应于一列。 
[Position,Velocity]=initial_Position_Velocity(dimension,Size,Xmax,Xmin,Vmax,Vmin); 
%%个体最优 P_p 和全局最优 globe 初始赋值%% 
P_p=Position;globe=zeros(dimension,1); 
%%评价每个粒子适应值，寻找出 globle%% 
for j=1:Size 
    Pos=Position(:,j); 
    fz(j)=Fitness_Function(Pos,F_n); 
end 
[P_g,I]=min(fz);%P_g  1*1 ? 
globe=Position(:,I); 
%%打散参数设置%% 
 N_dismiss=51;%太小，不利于初始寻优 
 N_dismissed=0;%记录被打散的次数 
 deltaP_gg=0.001%种群过分收敛衡量标准值(适应度变化率) 
%  reset = 1;  %设置reset = 1时指示粒子群过分收敛时将被打散，如果reset＝0则不打散 
 reset_dismiss = 0; 
%%迭代开始%% 
for itrtn=1:Tmax 
   time(itrtn)=itrtn; 
%%过于集中时打散%% 
   if reset_dismiss==1 
       bit=1; 
       if itrtn>N_dismiss 
          bit=bit&((P_gg(itrtn-1)-P_gg(itrtn-N_dismiss))/P_gg(itrtn-1)< deltaP_gg); 
          if bit==1 
             [Position,Velocity]=initial_Position_Velocity(dimension,Size,Xmax,Xmin,Vmax,Vmin);%重新初始化位置和速度 
             N_dismissed=N_dismissed+1; 
             N_dismissed 
             warning('粒子过分集中！重新初始化……');      %   给出信息 
             itrtn 
          end 
       end  
    end 
     
     Weight=0.4+0.5*(Tmax-itrtn)/Tmax; 
%        Weight=1; 
     r1=rand(1);r2=rand(1); 
    for i=1:Size 
        Velocity(:,i)=Weight*Velocity(:,i)+c1*r1*(P_p(:,i)-Position(:,i))+c2*r2*(globe-Position(:,i));%速度更新 
    end 
%%速度限制%% 
    for i=1:Size 
            %%引入速度边界变异%% 
%         Vout_max=max(Velocity(:,i)); 
%         Vout_min=min(Velocity(:,i)); 
%         if Vout_max 
        jj=1; 
        K=ones(dimension,1); 
        for row=1:dimension 
            if Velocity(row,i)>Vmax(row)  
             K(jj)=Vmax(row)/Velocity(row,i); 
             jj=jj+1;  
            elseif Velocity(row,i)<Vmin(row) 
             K(jj)=Vmin(row)/Velocity(row,i); 
             jj=jj+1; 
            else 
            end 
        end 
        Kmin=min(K); 
        for row=1:dimension 
            if Velocity(row,i)>Vmax(row) 
                Velocity(row,i)=Velocity(row,i)*Kmin; 
            elseif Velocity(row,i)<Vmin(row) 
                Velocity(row,i)=Velocity(row,i)*Kmin; 
            else 
            end 
        end 
         
     end 
%      K 
    Position=Position+Velocity;%位置更新 
%%位置限制%% 
    for i=1:Size 
        for row=1:dimension 
            if Position(row,i)>Xmax(row) 
                Position(row,i)=Xmax(row); 
            elseif Position(row,i)<Xmin(row) 
                Position(row,i)=Xmin(row); 
            else 
            end 
        end 
    end 
%%重新评价每个粒子适应值，更新个体最优 P_p 和全局最优 globe%% 
    for j=1:Size 
        xx=Position(:,j)'; 
       fz1(j)=Fitness_Function(xx,F_n); 
        if fz1(j)<fz(j) 
            P_p(:,j)=Position(:,j); 
            fz(j)=fz1(j); 
        end 
     % [P_g1,I]=min(fz1);%%%有改动 
        if fz1(j)<P_g 
            P_g=fz1(j); 
     %      globe=Position(:,I); 
        end 
    end 
     [P_g1 I]=min(fz); 
     P_gg(itrtn)=P_g1; 
     globe=P_p(:,I); 
%     globe=Position(:,I); 
%     itrtn 
%     globe 
%% draw 粒子群运动变化图%%     
       XX=Position(1,:);YY=Position(2,:);ZZ=Position(3,:); 
        if dimension>= 3 
             set(Swarmscope,'XData',XX,'YData', YY, 'ZData', ZZ); 
        elseif dimension== 2 
             set(Swarmscope,'XData',XX,'YData',YY );%设置 
        end 
        xlabel('粒子第一维'); 
        ylabel('粒子第二维'); 
        zlabel('粒子第三维'); 
        drawnow;  
end 
%%画‘评价值’变化曲线%% 
figure(1); 
BestFit